目录
vm安装Ubuntu18.04
略
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-releases/18.04/
建议下载这个
安装Tomcat
配置Java环境
- 参考链接:https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1162527
最简单的安装方法
sudo apt install default-jdk
安装完成后
输入
java -version
可以看到:
openjdk version "11.0.15" 2022-04-19
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.15+10-Ubuntu-0ubuntu0.18.04.1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 11.0.15+10-Ubuntu-0ubuntu0.18.04.1, mixed mode, sharing)
安装OpenJDK的特定版本
虽然您可以安装默认的OpenJDK软件包,但您也可以安装不同版本的OpenJDK。
OpenJDK 8
Java 8是当前的长期支持版本,并且仍然受到广泛支持,但公共维护在2019年1月结束。要安装OpenJDK 8,请执行以下命令:
sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk
验证是否已安装
java -version
你会看到这样的输出:
openjdk version "1.8.0_162"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_162-8u162-b12-1-b12)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.162-b12, mixed mode)
也可以只安装JRE,您可以通过执行sudo apt install openjdk-8-jre来完成。
OpenJDK 10/11
Ubuntu的存储库包含一个将安装Java 10或11的软件包。在2018年9月之前,该软件包将安装OpenJDK 10.一旦发布了Java 11,该软件包将安装Java 11。
要安装OpenJDK 10/11,请执行以下命令:
sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk
要仅安装JRE,请使用以下命令:
sudo apt install openjdk-11-jre
下载Tomcat
方法一、wget下载
在这个目录下找到对应版本:
https://downloads.apache.org/tomcat/
我下载的是Tomcat10
进入bin目录
选择这个
再利用wget安装
sudo wget https://downloads.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-10/v10.0.20/bin/apache-tomcat-10.0.20.tar.gz
下载好后解压
tar zxf apache-tomcat-10.0.20.tar.gz
sudo mv apache-tomcat-10.0.20 /usr/local/tomcat
ls /usr/local/tomcat/
优化路径(设置环境变量)
sudo ln -s /usr/local/tomcat/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/
启动和关闭的参数
startup.sh start //启动
shutdown.sh //关闭
方法二、手动下载解压
直接bing搜索Tomcat官网,下载.tar.gz文件解压,然后在apache-tomcat***/bin目录下执行启动和关闭的参数即可
最后访问localhost:8080端口即可
配置Tomcat
详细见5、Tomcat服务器和Maven的安装
参数同window一样
遇到的问题
解决Ubuntu无法上网的问题
不知道为什么,我的Ubuntu打开只有就无法上网,尝试过配置vm但是没有反应。查看发现我的网络中只有这个vpn,并没有有线连接。所以我觉得可能是我本地的网络网卡配置问题。
解决方案:(这两个我自行到第三步就自动连上网了)
(1) 打开终端,输入sudo service network-manager stop
(2) sudo rm /var/lib/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.state
(3) sudo service network-manager start
(4) sudo vim /etc/NetWorkManager/NetworkManager.conf,将其中的managed=false改为managed=true
(5) sudo service network-manager restart
apt无法解析依赖包
这个是源的问题,将源换为国内的源就行了
- https://blog.csdn.net/CatStarXcode/article/details/89638447
安装Ubuntu 18.04后,使用国外源太慢了,修改为国内源会快很多。修改阿里源为Ubuntu 18.04默认的源备份/etc/apt/sources.list# 备份
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
在/etc/apt/sources.list文件前面添加如下条目阿里源
- 添加阿里源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
最后执行如下命令更新源更新源# 更新
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
另外其他几个国内源如下: 中科大源
- 中科大源
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
163源
- 163源
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
清华源
- 清华源
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
外网无法访问
- https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38904904/article/details/103074421
- 尝试了以下方法
- 用ufw关闭防火墙
看从windows能不能ping通虚拟机
在Ubuntu中使用ifconfig获取ip地址
在Windows中打开cmd,尝试连接
关闭Ubuntu的防火墙:
sudo ufw disable
ping看连不连通
ping 192.168.30.129
如果能ping通,说明网络连接没有问题
接下来,我们看一下tomcat开放了哪些端口
ps -ef | grep tomcat
在这里插入图片描述接下来,我们查看这个进程是用哪个端口来监听
netstat -apn | grep 3059
图中画横线的8080即为对应的端口号
tomcat的8080端口处于监听状态,但是Windows却访问不上,说明有可能是linux的防火墙屏蔽了8080端口。
所以我们打开这个端口(有的人直接关闭防火墙,这样不太安全)
- 开放8080端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
- 重启防火墙
firewall-cmd --reload
即可
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